This chart is intended for reference only and not for. Besides, these are also used in consumer durable and transport industries. The 400 series is susceptible to rust and corrosion under some conditions. The 400 series group of stainless steels typically have an 11% chromium and 1% manganese increase, above the 300 series group. This group of ferritic stainless steels 400 series contain 10. Stainless steel series, grades, composition alloy industry guru.
The most popular series numbers are 200, 300, 400, 600, and 2000. Applications requiring moderate corrosion resistance and high mechanical. The alloy has a somewhat higher work hardening rate than carbon steel, but not as high as 304 stainless steel. Type 439 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel designed to resist corrosion in a variety of oxidizing environments from fresh water to boiling acids. Typical applications include heat exchangers, display racks, gas range. Ak steel 400 is one of the most economical chromium ferritic stainless steels. Although the majority of pm stainless steel parts are fabricated from austenitic alloys 300 series, there are applications. Theyre defined by their facecentered cubic structure. Alloy 410s is a low carbon, nonhardening modification of alloy 410. Ferritic stainless steels 400 series about 20 percent of all stainless steel grades have a ferritic microstructure, with ss430 being the most widely used. While all stainless steels are superior from a corrosion resistance standpoint when compared to mild steel, they are not all the same. It is now considered a costeffective substitute for 300 series stainless steels that can provide an additional benefit of improved yield strength.
Ferritic stainless steel, ak steel 400 is one of the most economical chromium ferritic. The 200 series is a class of austenitic and highly corrosionresistant stainless steels that are characterized by having low nickel content. Type 410 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel that provides good corrosion resistance plus high strength and hardness. Ferritic stainless steel is used in applications where resistance. Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. We are your one stop service center for all prime stainless requirements. The 300 and 400 series stainless steel are the most widely used and most advantageous of all stainless steel products.
These tables are intended for estimating purposes only and lists typical chemical properties for a variety of 300 and 400 series stainless steel grades. Stainless steel characteristics eagle stainless your. The 200 seriesalso referred to as chromiummanganese crmn stainless steelswere developed in the 1940s and 1950s when nickel was in short supply and prices were high. What is the difference between 300 series and 400 series of. Ss439 has greater resistance to corrosion and improved hightemperature stability. Although the majority of pm stainless steel parts are fabricated from austenitic alloys 300 series, there are applications where martensitic or ferritic alloys 400. Allegheny ludlum martensitic stainless steel 410 subcategory. The sae steel grades system is a standard alloy numbering system sae j1086 numbering. The 400 series group of stainless steels contain 1127% chromium, up to about 1% carbon, and 2.
What is the difference between 300 series and 400 series. This is a material similar to the 400 series that has. The exact composition of the alloy elements in stainless steel provides the material with specific structural characteristics. Stainless steels are iron alloys with a minimum of 10. Stainless steels do not affect the taste of the product, they are easily cleaned and sterilized to prevent bacterial contamination of the food, and they are durable. Good traceability in the recycling process is imperative in order not to jeopardize the high overall recyclability of stainless steel. It is high strength, lowcost, and heattreatable and is suited for nonsevere corrosion applications. Grade 416 can be hardened similarly to other 400 series stainless steels.
Stainless steels can vary in composition from a simple alloy of iron and chromium to complex alloys containing chromium, nickel, and various other elements in small quantities. Both have the same general characteristics of the 300 series. These stainless steels generally contain chromium and manganese and are magnetic. The 400 series of stainless steels have higher carbon content, giving it a martensitic crystalline structure. It may be used in either the annealed, cold formed or aswelded condition in many applications where other stainless steel alloys such as type 304, type 410, type 409 and type 430are used. The precipitation hardening grades show considerably higher hot strengths at lower temperatures, but their strength.
It has corrosion and oxidation resistance comparable to type 410 stainless steel with good fabricating characteristics. The 400 series of stainless steels have a higher carbon content, giving it a martensitic crystalline structure that provides the end product with highstrength and. General purpose corrosion and heat resisting chromium steel. Data referring to mechanical properties and chemical analyses are the result of tests of its unique properties, ak steel 400 stainless steel is an economical stainless steel comparator ak steel chemistries and mechanical properties required to meet specific cus these steels of the 400 series usually contain a minimum of 11. To me, 400 series stainless is a generic term for steel so junky the manufacturer wont even admit what exact steel theyre using. Theyre also referred to as chromemanganese crmn stainless steel. While the degree of magnetic attraction may vary, it is not unusual for items made with the 400 series stainless steel to provide enough attraction to interact with magnets. Some of our microsurgical instruments which are made of stainless steel are the 400 series of stainless is magnetic, so an object made with 430 stainless will be heating it over 700 degrees, it will once again lose its magnetic properties. Ss409 has lower chromium and, therefore, reduced resistance to corrosion. Austenitic steels include both the 200 and 300 series.
Stainless steel chemical and physical properties stainless. Stainless steel rolled steel products carries a wide range of finishes and types in both 300400 series stainless steel sheet and coil. This chart is intended for reference only and not for design. It contains 11% chromium which is the minimum amount for the formation of the passive surface film which gives stainless steels their corrosion resistance. Alloy 400 can be machined at standard rates with conventional machine tools.
Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. Stainless steels are steels that contain a minimum of 10% chromium and are more resistant to corrosion than normal steels. Stainless steel alloys selection guide engineering360. The 400 series, which contains steel and chromium, but without the presence of nickel, does in fact exhibit magnetic qualities. There are three main classifications of stainless steels distinguished based on their. Ferritic stainless steel is used in applications where resistance to corrosion and oxidation is important. This radically changes the behavior of the martensitic alloys relative to the ferritic 400 series alloy. Steels with crmnnin composition were called 200 series of stainless steel. Mar 10, 2020 the 200 series is a class of austenitic and highly corrosionresistant stainless steels that are characterized by having low nickel content. Type 409 stainless steel uns s40900 is a stabilized ferritic stainless steel that.
Not a great steel by any means, but its not a bad one either, and its reasonably tough for the price. Stainless steel alloys are used predominantly in the automotive, aerospace and construction industries. For maximum hardness and strength, a hardening heat treatment is necessary. Carbon steels and alloy steels are designated a four digit number, whereby the first digit indicates the main alloying element s, the second digit. Ferritic, or nonhardenable stainless steels, are classified in the 400 series. The 400 series group of stainless steels has an 11 percent chromium and 1percent manganese increase, above the 300 series group. Each type of stainless steel is classified by its series number and then assigned a numerical grade. It is a straight chromium alloy, with carbon levels that can vary from 0. Magnetic properties of ferritic, martensitic and duplex stainless steels. The most common grades are type 304 and 316 that consist of austenitic chromiumnickel alloys. Alloy 409 is a general purpose, chromium, titanium stabilized, ferritic stainless steel whose primary application is automotive exhaust systems. While they still exhibit the corrosion resistance that is typical of stainless steel in general, they are less corrosionresistant than the 300 series, and therefore typically cost less.
Grade 416 is free machining and is the most easily machined stainless steel. May 06, 2020 however, magnetic stainless steel does exist. Summary the 200 series both established and new grades are a useful part of the range of stainless steels available to. Type 410 is the most widely used martensitic stainless steel. It is now considered a costeffective substitute for 300 series stainless steels that can provide an. Surgical stainless, for me, has the exact same definition. They are nonhardenable by heat treating, and always magnetic. Below are the technical specifications of the stainless steel 410 bar stock we have available to meet your needs. The reason is that the presence of the nickel alters the physical structure of the stainless steel and removes or inhibits any magnetic qualities. The grades of stainless steel castings signicast most often produces respond to heat treatment and can be supplied with a predominantly martensitic microstructure in a wide range of strength and hardness. They most commonly include chromium, nickel and molybdenum.
The two most common types of stainless steel used in the automotive industry are 300 series and 400 series. It is magnetic in both the annealed and hardened conditions. Austenitic, nonmagnetic, extremely tough and ductile, 302 stainless steel is one of the more. It is a different crystal lattice structure than 300 series and less corrosion resistant. Chemical and physical properties are in accordance with en 10088. The 400 series stainless steels have some special uses such as in coinage, autoexhausts, razor blades, power packing in petrochemicals etc. Care was taken to include as much information as possible about stainless steel flat products used throughout europe, for the informatio n of the user. This stainless steel has a martensitic structure and an iron element, so it has normal magnetic properties. Results are displayed up to a maximum of 200 materials per page. If youre using steel parts in a place that may come in contact with food or. All values shown indicate the maximum percentage unless otherwise noted. Advantages and characteristics of 400 series stainless steel. This series of stainless steel alloys are known to resist corrosion while maintaining their strength at high temperatures.
Martensitic stainless steels arent as corrosion resistant as the austenitic types. The 400series group of stainless steels contain 1127% chromium, up to about 1 % carbon, and 2. Alloy 400 is readily cold worked by virtually all cold fabrication methods. While the 304 grade is the most widely used alloy of all stainless steels, the 300 series grades are inventoried in stainless steel plate, sheet, bar, pipe, tube and fittings and much more. Confluent maines gun drilling experience includes a wide variety of precision stainless steel tubing, including 300 and 400 series stainless steels, 174 ph and 177 ph stainless steels as well as other nickelbased alloys. Good corrosion resistance and fair machining properties. Stainless steel visit our website at types 410, 420,425 mod, and 440a. The 400 series of stainless steels have higher carbon content, giving it a martensitic crystalline. Magnetic properties of ferritic, martensitic and duplex stainless steels on the relative magnetic permeability of the steel more often described simply as the ferritic and martensitic stainless grades 400 series are generally free from. Type 430 is the most widely used ferritic stainless steel, offering standard corrosion resistance.
Aug 14, 20 400 series or martensitic stainless steel is magnetic and heat treatable. Stainless steel alloys resist corrosion, maintain their strength at high temperatures and are easy to maintain. The 300 series stainless steel has an austenitic crystal structure. A wide range of properties can be developed with different heat treatments. Ak steel type 410 is a martensitic stainless steel that provides excellent corrosion resistance plus high strength and hardness.
When projects require custom precision stainless steel tubing in difficult to find id sizes, confluent maine is the. The principle difference between 300 series of stainless steel and this series was that the nickel used in 300 series of stainless. Follow the links below to view complete property information. Cold working should be performed on annealed material. Stainless steels do not affect the taste of the product, they are easily cleaned and sterilized to prevent bacterial contamination of. Processing and properties of 400 series pm stainless steels. The precipitation hardening grades show considerably higher hot strengths at lower temperatures, but their strength advantage disappears quickly as they begin to overage.
This provides high strength and high wear resistance. Differences between grades of stainless steel career trend. General purpose grade, corrosionresistant, straight chromium grade. This group of stainless steels has an addition of 11 percent chromium and 1percent manganese. An overview of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels. Stainless refers to the metals ability to withstand rust and physical staining due to oxidization.
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